The Statue de Charlemagne et ses leudes stands proudly on the parvis Notre-Dame – Place Jean-Paul-II in the 4th arrondissement of Paris, capturing the spirit of one of history’s most iconic figures.
Created by the talented brothers Charles and Louis Rochet, this monumental bronze statue features Charlemagne astride his horse, flanked by his loyal leudes, Roland and Oliver.
This impressive artwork not only serves as a tribute to Charlemagne’s legacy but also reflects the artistic and political aspirations of 19th-century France.
From Concept to Icon: The Rochet Brothers’ Vision
Originally conceived in 1853, the Rochet brothers aimed to create a monument to Charlemagne, which was initially intended for Aachen. The project gained momentum when a plaster model was exhibited at the Exposition Universelle in 1867, followed by a bronze version in 1878.
However, due to shifting political sentiments regarding Charlemagne’s monarchical associations, the statue faced considerable debate before its placement. The Fonderie Thiébaut Frères proposed to cover the installation costs at the Parvis Notre-Dame, which the Paris municipal council reluctantly accepted in January 1879.
The statue was inaugurated on July 14, 1882, and was officially acquired by the city in 1896.
An Anachronistic Allegory: Symbolism in Bronze
Charlemagne, depicted in his later years, wears the Imperial Crown of the Holy Roman Empire and brandishes the Scepter of Charles V, historically associated with his legacy.
The presence of these symbols, however, is anachronistic, as they postdate the events depicted in the statue. The allegorical nature of the representation is further emphasized by the attire of Roland and Oliver, who carry weapons and prepare for battle.
Roland wields his famous Durendal, a sword of legendary status, while Oliver stands ready with a scramasax and pike. The watchful stances of these figures evoke a sense of impending conflict, foreshadowing their heroic fates at the Battle of Roncevaux Pass.
Preserving History: Challenges and Triumphs
Throughout its history, the statue has faced challenges, including a devastating fire in 1906 that prompted the installation of a new stone pedestal. Despite discussions about relocating the statue, it has remained at its current site, a testament to its significance.
Interestingly, the statue was spared during the German occupation in World War II, underscoring Charlemagne’s importance in German national identity as well.